Chromium plays an important role in maintaining healthy blood sugar levels in those within normal range when used as part of a healthy diet.⁴

Boron is an essential nutrient for supporting optimal calcium metabolism as well as healthy bones and joints.⁵ Boron intake may also support a healthy prostate. It's been shown to help inhibit oxidative stress and support the body’s normal use of reproductive hormones and vitamin D.⁶

Vanadyl sulfate is an effective form of the trace mineral vanadium. Research indicates vanadyl sulfate may support insulin response and help maintain already-healthy glucose metabolism.^7,8 Research also indicates vanadium salts may help maintain already-healthy blood pressure, thyroid health and iron metabolism.⁹

Copper is required by the body to convert iron into a form that can be utilized by hemoglobin, and is an essential constituent of many important enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, a major cellular antioxidant. It’s also needed for normal immune function and synthesis of certain proteins.¹⁰ People who consume over 50 mg of zinc daily and/or a high level of fructose are advised to supplement their diet with 2 mg copper several times per week.^11,12